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1.
Respirar (Ciudad Autón. B. Aires) ; 15(2): 81-87, jun2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437510

RESUMO

Introducción: la evidencia de vida real muestra deficiencias en alcanzar los objetivos de control del asma, con elevado consumo de agonistas beta-2 de acción corta (SA-BA) y sobreuso de corticoides sistémicos (CS). Métodos: estudio observacional, des-criptivo, aplicando la herramienta ReferID con 4 preguntas para identificar pacientes con asma no controlada y/o en riesgo de crisis severas: en los últimos 12 meses [1] ¿Re-cibió ≥2 ciclos de CS y/o los usó como mantenimiento?; [2] ¿Tuvo ≥2 visitas a emergen-cias por asma?; [3] ¿Estuvo intubado o en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) por as-ma?; [4] ¿Cuántos inhaladores de SABA ha utilizado? Una respuesta afirmativa a las preguntas 1, 2 o 3, o usar ≥3 envases de SABA, sugieren riesgo de ataque grave, nece-sidad de CS y/o riesgo vital. En estos pacientes se recomienda evaluación por especia-listas. Resultados: participaron 441 pacientes de 7 instituciones del Área Metropolita-na de Buenos Aires. Al 60,1% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95]:55,5%-64,7%) se le recomendó evaluación por especialista. El 33,8% (IC95:29,39%-38,21%) recibió ≥2 ciclos de CS y/o los usaba como mantenimiento. El 36,1% (IC95:31,62%-40,58%) asis-tió ≥2 veces a emergencias. El 41,5% (IC95:30,06%-38,94%) usó ≥3 envases de SABA. El 8,8% (IC95:6,16%-11,44%) tenía historia de intubación o UCI. El 37,2% se atendió en instituciones públicas, con indicadores de gravedad significativamente mayores que en las privadas. Conclusiones: ReferID es una herramienta simple que ayuda a identificar a pacientes en riesgo de crisis severa y/o que pudieran tener diagnóstico de asma gra-ve; y que se beneficiarían de una evaluación por un especialista. AU


Introduction: real-life evidence shows deficiencies in achieving asthma control goals, with high use of short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA) and overuse of systemic cortico-steroids (SC). Methods: observational, descriptive study, applying the ReferID tool with 4 questions to identify patients with uncontrolled asthma and/or at risk of severe crisis: in the last 12 months [1] Have you received ≥2 cycles of CS and/or used them as main-tenance therapy?; [2] Have you had ≥2 emergency visits for asthma?; [3] Have you ever been intubated or admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for asthma?; [4] How many SABA inhalers have you used? An affirmative answer to questions 1, 2 or 3, or using ≥3 canisters of SABA, suggests risk of severe attack, need for CS and/or life-threatening risk. In these patients, evaluation by specialists is recommended. Results: 441 patients from 7 institutions in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires were enrolled. An evalu-ation by specialists was recommended for 60.1% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 55.5%-64.7%); 33.8% (95%CI:29.39%-38.21%) received ≥2 cycles of CS and/or used them as maintenance; 36.1% (95%CI:31.62%-40.58%) attended ≥2 times to the emer-gency department; 41.5% (95%CI:30.06%-38.94%) used ≥3 containers of SABA; 8.8% (95%CI:6.16%-11.44%) had a history of intubation or ICU admission; 37.2% were as-sisted in public institutions, with significantly higher severity indicators than in private ones. Conclusions: Refer ID is a simple, useful tool to quickly identify asthma patients who are at risk of severe exacerbations and/or may have a diagnosis of severe asthma and would benefit from evaluation by a specialist. AU


Assuntos
Humanos , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Asma/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Argentina , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Avaliação de Resultados da Assistência ao Paciente
2.
Med Clin (Engl Ed) ; 159(1): 6-11, 2022 Jul 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35814791

RESUMO

Background and aim: Several reports have shown the persistence of long term symptoms after the initial COVID-19 infection (post-COVID-19 syndrome). The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performed in patients with a history of COVID-19, comparing subjects according to the presence of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Consecutive patients >18 years with history of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test and a CPET performed between 45 and 120 days after the viral episode were included. The association between variables related to CPET and post-COVID-19 syndrome was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 200 patients (mean age 48.8 ± 14.3 years, 51% men) were included. Patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome showed significantly lower main peak VO2 (25.8 ± 8.1 mL/min/kg vs. 28.8 ± 9.6 mL/min/kg, p = 0.017) as compared to asymptomatic subjects. Moreover, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome developed symptoms more frequently during CPET (52.7% vs. 13.7%, p < 0.001) and were less likely to reach the anaerobic threshold (50.9% vs. 72.7%, p = 0.002) when compared to asymptomatic subjects. These findings were not modified when adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: Our data suggest that post-COVID-19 syndrome was associated with less peak VO2, a lower probability of achieving the anaerobic threshold and a higher probability of presenting symptoms during the CPET. Future studies are needed to determine if these abnormalities during CPET would have prognostic value.


Antecedentes y objetivo: Varios informes han demostrado la persistencia de síntomas a largo plazo luego de la infección inicial por COVID-19 (síndrome post-COVID-19). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las características de la prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar (PECP) realizada en pacientes con antecedentes de infección por COVID-19, comparando sujetos según la presencia de síndrome post-COVID-19. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos >18 años con antecedentes de infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada por la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y una PECP realizada entre 45 y 120 días luego del episodio viral. Se evaluó la asociación entre variables relacionadas con la PECP y síndrome post-COVID-19 mediante análisis univariante y multivariado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 200 pacientes (edad media 48,8 ± 14,3 años, 51% hombres). Los pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 mostraron un VO2 pico significativamente menor (25,8 ± 8,1 mL/min/kg frente a 28,8 ± 9,6 mL/min/kg, p = 0,017) en comparación con los sujetos asintomáticos. Además, los pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 desarrollaron síntomas con mayor frecuencia durante la PECP (52,7% vs. 13,7%, p < 0,001) y tenían menos probabilidades de alcanzar el umbral anaeróbico (50,9% vs. 72,7%, p = 0,002) en comparación con sujetos asintomáticos. Estos hallazgos no se modificaron al ajustar por factores de confusión. Conclusión: Nuestros datos sugieren que el síndrome post-COVID-19 se asoció con un menor VO2 pico, una menor probabilidad de alcanzar el umbral anaeróbico y una mayor probabilidad de presentar síntomas durante la PECP. Se necesitan estudios futuros para determinar si estas anomalías durante la PECP tendrían valor pronóstico.

3.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 159(1): 6-11, julio 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-206283

RESUMO

Background and aimSeveral reports have shown the persistence of long term symptoms after the initial COVID-19 infection (post-COVID-19 syndrome). The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performed in patients with a history of COVID-19, comparing subjects according to the presence of post-COVID-19 syndrome.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed. Consecutive patients >18 years with history of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test and a CPET performed between 45 and 120 days after the viral episode were included. The association between variables related to CPET and post-COVID-19 syndrome was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 200 patients (mean age 48.8±14.3 years, 51% men) were included. Patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome showed significantly lower main peak VO2 (25.8±8.1mL/min/kg vs. 28.8±9.6mL/min/kg, p=0.017) as compared to asymptomatic subjects. Moreover, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome developed symptoms more frequently during CPET (52.7% vs. 13.7%, p<0.001) and were less likely to reach the anaerobic threshold (50.9% vs. 72.7%, p=0.002) when compared to asymptomatic subjects. These findings were not modified when adjusting for confounders.ConclusionOur data suggest that post-COVID-19 syndrome was associated with less peak VO2, a lower probability of achieving the anaerobic threshold and a higher probability of presenting symptoms during the CPET. Future studies are needed to determine if these abnormalities during CPET would have prognostic value. (AU)


Antecedentes y objetivoVarios informes han demostrado la persistencia de síntomas a largo plazo luego de la infección inicial por COVID-19 (síndrome post-COVID-19). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las características de la prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar (PECP) realizada en pacientes con antecedentes de infección por COVID-19, comparando sujetos según la presencia de síndrome post-COVID-19.Métodosse realizó un estudio transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos >18 años con antecedentes de infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada por la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y una PECP realizada entre 45 y 120 días luego del episodio viral. Se evaluó la asociación entre variables relacionadas con la PECP y síndrome post-COVID-19 mediante análisis univariante y multivariado.ResultadosSe incluyeron 200 pacientes (edad media 48,8±14,3 años, 51% hombres). Los pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 mostraron un VO2 pico significativamente menor (25,8±8,1mL/min/kg frente a 28,8±9,6mL/min/kg, p=0,017) en comparación con los sujetos asintomáticos. Además, los pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 desarrollaron síntomas con mayor frecuencia durante la PECP (52,7% vs. 13,7%, p<0,001) y tenían menos probabilidades de alcanzar el umbral anaeróbico (50,9% vs. 72,7%, p=0,002) en comparación con sujetos asintomáticos. Estos hallazgos no se modificaron al ajustar por factores de confusión.ConclusiónNuestros datos sugieren que el síndrome post-COVID-19 se asoció con un menor VO2 pico, una menor probabilidad de alcanzar el umbral anaeróbico y una mayor probabilidad de presentar síntomas durante la PECP. Se necesitan estudios futuros para determinar si estas anomalías durante la PECP tendrían valor pronóstico. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Coronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus , Exercício Físico , Síndrome , Estudos Transversais , Consumo de Oxigênio
4.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 159(1): 6-11, 2022 07 08.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34417020

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Several reports have shown the persistence of long term symptoms after the initial COVID-19 infection (post-COVID-19 syndrome). The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performed in patients with a history of COVID-19, comparing subjects according to the presence of post-COVID-19 syndrome. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed. Consecutive patients >18 years with history of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test and a CPET performed between 45 and 120 days after the viral episode were included. The association between variables related to CPET and post-COVID-19 syndrome was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients (mean age 48.8±14.3 years, 51% men) were included. Patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome showed significantly lower main peak VO2 (25.8±8.1mL/min/kg vs. 28.8±9.6mL/min/kg, p=0.017) as compared to asymptomatic subjects. Moreover, patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome developed symptoms more frequently during CPET (52.7% vs. 13.7%, p<0.001) and were less likely to reach the anaerobic threshold (50.9% vs. 72.7%, p=0.002) when compared to asymptomatic subjects. These findings were not modified when adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that post-COVID-19 syndrome was associated with less peak VO2, a lower probability of achieving the anaerobic threshold and a higher probability of presenting symptoms during the CPET. Future studies are needed to determine if these abnormalities during CPET would have prognostic value.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Teste de Esforço , Adulto , COVID-19/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consumo de Oxigênio , SARS-CoV-2 , Síndrome Pós-COVID-19 Aguda
5.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 21(4): 392-399, dic. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1431465

RESUMO

Resumen Ante la escasez de donantes pulmonares, el aumento de los pacientes en lista de espera y el aumento de las muertes en lista de espera existen varias estrategias que buscan resolver estos problemas. Las estrategias de promoción son necesarias, continuas y transver sales a todo el proceso. Las de procuración implican mejora continua en la calidad de atención médica, siendo muy costo-efectivas en nuestro contexto. Las de distribución ya se emplean y han generado mejoras en el acceso al trasplante; deben ser constantemente evaluadas. Las de selección involucran mejoras a expensas de mayores costos a veces con consecuencias negativas, por lo que deben ser evaluadas caso a caso. El uso de EVLP es efectivo, aunque pareciera no ser una intervención costo-efectiva en nuestro medio debiendo emplearse otras estrategias previamente. La utilización de donantes a corazón parado es efectiva aunque requiere de una inversión en el sistema logístico que no parece ser viable por el momento en Argentina.


Abstract Given the shortage of lung donors and the increase in patients and deaths on the waiting lists, there are several strategies that could be carried out. Promotion strategies are necessary, continuous and transversal to the entire process. Strategies that attempt to enhance organ procurement involve continuous improvement in the quality of healthcare, which is highly profitable in our context. Interventions on grafts distribution are already in use and have generated improvements in access to lung transplantation. Laxity in the selection criteria generates higher costs, sometimes with negative consequences, so a case-by-case selection must be applied. Ex vivo lung perfusion is effective, although it does not appear to be a cost-effective intervention in our country, other strategies must be implemented previously. The use of non-heart-beating lung donors requires an investment in a logistics system that nowadays does not seem viable in Argentina.


Assuntos
Transplante de Pulmão , Argentina , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos , Transplante de Órgãos , Seleção do Doador
6.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 16(1): 84-89, mar. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-842968

RESUMO

Introducción: Las manifestaciones registradas de la hemorragia alveolar difusa (HAD) están influenciadas por las características de los pacientes y la experiencia de los centros de referencias donde son asistidos. Objetivos: Describir los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio, las etiologías y los factores de riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con HAD. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de los informes de flbrobroncoscopias en pacientes con diagnóstico de HAD (período 2003-2013), según etiologías inmunológicas y no inmunológicas. Resultados: Se identiflcaron 20 pacientes que presentaron los signos clínicos y patológicos de HAD sobre un total de 6839 flbrobroncoscopias (0,3%). La edad mediana fue 57 años (rango 20-88). Los signos más frecuentes de presentación fueron disnea e inflltrados radiológicos pulmonares en el 100% de los casos y anemia en el 95%. La clásica tríada semiológica (inflltrados radiológicos pulmonares, anemia y hemoptisis) de la HAD se encontró solo en 4 casos, 20%. La etiologías no inmunológicas fueron las más frecuentes (15 casos, 75%), especialmente infecciosas, oncohematológicas y cardiovasculares. La mediana de estadía hospitalaria fue de 17.5 días (rango 2-90 días). Doce pacientes fueron tratados en la UTI. La letalidad fue 60% (12/20 pacientes). Los principales riesgos de muerte fueron pacientes inmunocomprometidos (OR 27.50; IC 95%: 1.99 - 378.00, p = 0.013), necesidad de asistencia respiratoria mecánica (OR 18.00; IC 95%: 1.49-216.00, p = 0.023) y estadía en UTI (OR 7.50; IC 95%: 0.92-61.00, p = 0.049). La mortalidad a los 14 días de internación en el grupo no inmunológico fue superior a la del grupo inmunológico (p = 0.007) pero la mortalidad global no fue diferente (p = 0.066). Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, los principales signos clínicos fueron disnea, anemia e inflltrados pulmonares; pero la tríada clásica fue de rara observación. En todos nuestros pacientes fue posible adscribir la HAD a una etiología deflnida. Las principales etiologías fueron no inmunológicas. La estadía en UTI y la necesidad de ARM se asociaron a mayor riesgo de mortalidad. La mortalidad a mediano plazo no fue diferente entre ambos grupos.


Introduction: The registered manifestations of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage (DAH) are influenced by the characteristics of the patients and the experience of the referral centers where they were assisted. Objectives: To describe clinical and laboratory findings, etiologies and risk factors for mortality of patients with DAH. Methods: A retrospective analysis of fibrobronchoscopy reports in patients with DAH diagnosis was carried out for the period 2003-2013, according to to immunological and non-immunological etiologies. Results: Twenty patients with clinical and pathologic signs of DAH were identified, mean age 57 years old (range 20-88). The most common signs of presentation were dyspnea and radiologic pulmonary infiltrates (100%), and anemia (95%). The classical clinical semiology of three signs (radiologic pulmonary infiltrates, anemia and hemoptisis) was present only in 4 cases (20%). The most frequent etiologies were no immunological (75%), especially infectious, oncohematologic and cardiovascular etiologies. The median hospital stay was 17.5 days (range 2-90 days). Twelve patients were admitted into the Intensive Care Unit. Case fatality was 60% (12/20 patients). The main risk factors for death were immunocompromised patients (OR 27.50; IC 95%: 1.99-378.00, p = 0.013), need for prescription of mechanical ventilation (OR was 18.00; IC 95%: 1.49-216.00, p = 0.023) and intensive care unit admission (OR 7.50 (IC 95%: 0.92-61.00, p = 0.049). Mortality at 14 days in the group not immunological was lower (p=0.007) but the overall mortality was not different (p=0.066). Conclusion: The main clinical manifestation was dyspnea, anemia and pulmonary infiltrates, while the classic triad was infrequent. In all the cases it was possible to attribute the DAH to a defined etiology. The main etiologies were no immunological. The stay in the intensive care unit, the necessity for mechanical ventilation and immunological etiologies were associated with a higher risk of mortality. The medium-term mortality was not different between the two groups.


Assuntos
Broncoscopia , Hemorragia
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